Inhaled Insulin: Place in Therapy

Authors

  • Sanjay Kalra Department of Endocrinology, Bharti Hospital, Karnal, India; University Center for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, India;
  • Saptarshi Bhattacharya Department of Endocrinology, Apollo Indraprastha Hospitals, New Delhi, India;
  • Nitin Kapoor Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India; Non communicable disease unit, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.26-44

Abstract

Inhaled insulin is a non- injectable person-friendly
preparation. Approved for use in adults with diabetes,
inhaled insulin offers prandial control, without meeting
basal requirements. This communication describes the
rational placement of inhaled insulin in clinical practice. It
classifies its use as initiation, interchange and
intensification strategies, suggests homologous (purist)
and heterologous (hybrid) structured regimens, and
proposes fixed, formative and flexible styles of usage. This
frame work supports and simplifies the use of inhaled
insulin in clinical practice.2
Keywords: Afrezza, diabetes, glycaemic control, insulin,
person centred care, prandial insulin

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Published

2026-05-28

How to Cite

Sanjay Kalra, Saptarshi Bhattacharya, & Nitin Kapoor. (2026). Inhaled Insulin: Place in Therapy. Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association, 76(06), 967–968. https://doi.org/10.47391/JPMA.26-44

Issue

Vol. 76 No. 06 (2026): JUNE

Section

PRIMARY CARE DIABETES

License

Copyright (c) 2026 Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.